托福,TOEFL|學生常犯的寫作錯誤
Common Writing Errors 3 [學生常犯的寫作錯誤 3]
學習者應該怎麼修正自己的錯誤?
https://www.dropbox.com/s/l7w3d0c7xmam0lw/AWFAQ2.pdf?dl=0
請分析以下的句子,看過提供的解釋再寫出正確的句子。
1. The staffs of the company work hard day and night. [X]
解釋: staff 主要的意思是 「(一個機構的) 全體職員,全體工作人員」 和「幕僚,參謀人員」。正式而言,staff 可以接單數或複數動詞:The president’s staff agree/agrees on the new strategy。
一般而言,staff 當集合名詞 (collective noun) 時,不應該來指個別人員。要指個別人員應該用 a staff member。 (但若有兩組或多組職員或幕僚,那麼 staff 可以複數型態出現,亦即 staffs。)
day and night = 夜以繼日
答案:
The staff of the company works hard day and night. [O] -> 強調整體
Each staff member in the company works hard day and night. [O] -> 強調每一個人員
Many staff members in the company work hard day and night. [O] -> 強調許多人
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2. Math can help them in their daily life. [X]
解釋: life 被定義為活著的狀態, 個人的存在。可以當可數或不可數名詞。當"生活"為一個總體的概念,應該用不可數的 life。
如果你在談論具體"多數個人的生活",你會用複數形式 lives。由於 their 是複數所有格形式,應該使用lives。
答案:
Math can help them in their lives. [O] -> 他們個別的生活
Math can help them in everyday/daily life. [O] -> 他們的一般生活
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3. Activities such as going to the movies, listening to music, and to attend concerts are very popular with students. [X]
解釋: such as (例如) 之後應該連結名詞,動名詞,或名詞片語,因為是為名詞 activities 舉例。
使用 going to the movies, listening to music 是正確的 ,但請注意 parallelism (平衡結構)! 此例句的最後一句是不定詞片語。
答案:
Activities such as going to the movies (動名詞片語), listening to music (動名詞片語), and attending concerts (動名詞片語) are very popular with students. [O]
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4. The lecturer provides two hard evidences which cast doubt on the reading’s point. [X]
解釋: evidence 是不可數名詞。可以寫 two pieces of hard evidence,但 some hard evidence 更為常見。還有,用 American English 判斷在此句應該使用哪一個關係名代詞 (that/which)。相關鏈接:http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/words/that-or-which; http://www.getitwriteonline.com/archive/103103whichthat.htm
答案:
The lecturer provides some hard evidence that casts doubt on the reading’s point. [O] -> 限定形容詞子句
The lecturer provides some hard evidence, which casts doubt on the reading’s point. [O] -> 非限定形容詞子句 (補語)
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5. If students do not study hard, they will be difficult to succeed. [X]
解釋: 請看看主句的主詞。主詞是 they (students),所以主詞補語 “ be difficult to succeed” 是正確的嗎?"會很難成功",如何用英語寫?
succeed = v.
success = n.
successful = adj.
successfully = adv.
succeeding = gerund (v-ing)
答案:
If students do not study hard, they will not succeed. [O]
If students do not study hard, it (虛主詞) will be hard for them to succeed. [O]
If students do not study hard, they will have a hard/difficult time succeeding (會有困難做…). [O]
If students do not study hard, success will be hard/difficult for them to achieve. [O]
Common Writing Errors [學生常犯的寫作錯誤]
I. https://www.dropbox.com/s/rm0lxlbo1cdj9dn/CEI.pdf
II. https://www.dropbox.com/s/88vl5h6tbud4cm4/CE2.pdf
III. http://tinyurl.com/mq2n234
IV. http://tinyurl.com/jwhm6f3
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Sources:
http://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/
http://blog.cybertranslator.idv.tw/archives/2010
https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/645/01/
http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/words/that-or-which
http://www.getitwriteonline.com/archive/103103whichthat.htm
轉載自https://www.facebook.com/ERIC.SAT.TOEFL.IELTS.GRE?fref=ts
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